The Irish kelp, Fucus vesiculosus, a highly potential green bio sorbent for Cd (II) removal: Mechanism, quantitative and qualitative approaches

Looking for new green and environmentally friendly bio sorbents metal removal from polluted wastewater, the present study investigates potential sorbent Cd(II) wastewater namely, mechanism uptake capacity of by brown algae, Fucus vesiculosus Irish Sea. This work takes a comprehensive approach involving combination qualitative quantitative information collected macro to atomistic scale, in direct non-destructive manner. Our results demonstrate that is adsorbed on algal surface based carboxylic alginate groups. Effective adsorption achieved at pH conditions between 5 7, which occurs rapidly (?2 h), with increasing concentration. Cd maximum (i.e., 1.203 mmol g?1 dried algae) first cycle show superior as opposed other species. Quantitatively has an (more than two folds) second cycle, after elution biomass sites functioning. Desorption regeneration effectively HCl (10 mM) EDTA (1 mM), but they can only be used cycles, before efficiency decreases. Microprecipitation high (>9) when using NaOH eluent. Results this shed light understanding binding mechanisms v., providing crucial further process optimization, pilot testing, scaling up implementation clean, biotechnology applied treatments.